Subsurface tile



May 20 1924.

H. KNIGHT SUBSURFACE TILE 0 Filed Sept. 22. 1920 Figl Patented May 20, 1924.

UNITED ST,

res

later:

. 2; OFFICE.

HERBERT M. KNIGHT, 0F MONTCLAIR,- NEW JERS EY.

SUBSUBFACE TILE.

Application filed September 22, 1920. Serial No. 411,954.

of Montclair, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sub surface Tiles, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to tile for sub-soil uses and more particularly to tilefor use in sewage.disposalirrigation where the tiles are placed beneath the surface of the ground for sub-surface purification purposes. I

Among the objects of my invention are, the providing of tiles that shall be economical in construction. Another object is to provide a combination of tile that shall ive a large percolative distribution area. A further object of the invention is to provide a combination of tile that shall admit of raising one tile above the surface of the lower tile. Other objects of the invention will be disclosed hereafter.

I secure these objects by means of the appliances herein described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein Fig. 1 is a cross section of a sub-surface tile on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a section of such a tile on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a cross section of a tile on the line- 33 ofFig. 2; Fig. 4 is anisometric view" of the upper member of such .a tile and Fig. 5is an isometric view of the lower member of such a tile.

Referring to drawings, similar figures refer to similar parts. I (1) is an upper tile of a sub-surface 1rr1- gation tile system; (2) is a lower tile of such a system; (3) are cavities in the lower member ofsuch a system; (4) is the cavity created by super-imposition of the upper member upon the lower member; (5) are transverse ribs on the upper surface of the lower member; (6) are de ressionscreated by the transverse ribs 5); (7) are longitudinal'side beads and (8) are openings' in said side beads; (9) is an aperture left between the ends of the upper members and (10) are apertures left between the lower members.

While the accompanying drawings illustrate a practical application of my invention, it is not intended'to limit the invention to the arrangement disclosed, such disclosure beingfor the purpose ofillustration only and. not exclusive of other forms or arrangements, in which the invention may be embodied. I m

In a system of sub-soil irrigation, one of the desirable. features is to gain a large area of distribution for percolation purposes. The usual method of construction of a sub soil irrigation system is to use a tile as a lower member with a plainupper surface, upon .whichjupper surface rests either a horseshoe or similar shaped upper member. The discharge of a septic tank or siphon chamber enters the upper memher and finds outlet through the apertures between the upper members and also through the apertures between the. lower members and from thence into the soil. The distribution thereof v is practically confined to the apertures between the ends of the upper, and the apertures between the ends of the lower members.

This invention seeks to distribute so that it shall be discharged from beneath the upper member as well as into the lower.

member thus'making the discharge more uniform and preventing the clogging of (the soilv at the few points of percolation provided at the apertures-between the upper and the. lower members. Thisobject is secured by casting upon ,the lower, member small transverse ribs which are' -located between sidebeads-which are raised above the upper portion-of the lower members. In

these side beads. are apertures or weirs through which in addition to the material the feet of the upper member leaving a space through which the; liquid; can be discharged from the upper member over the side beads into'the soil. .The depression in the roof of the upper member created by the side beads. and-the transverse-ribsis filled with liquid which- .drains outthrough the weirs'or openings inthe beads; --;It is thus seen that by :the super-elevation oftheupper member,

with a space between it and the lower member, and discharge "openings' yalong the bottom of said upper member'and through the openingsin the sidebead of the lower member, abetter distribution of the liquid is secured, a;more rapidfiow results, and

the liquid flowing through the upper member from the septic tank or siphon chamber its-grammar ridges re ea fig above as that the purifying effect o'lf the, soil. is greater due" to a more uniformdistribution of the liquid, as compared with theconcen-- trated fiow when the discharge is largely confined to the apertures between the tiles.

The system illustrated is equally applicable to a filtration system in which the tile are used as collectors instead of distributors; the super-elevation of the open tile upon and above the' upper surface of theldwer tileservingto produce a more uniformly distributed and also an augmented flow;

Whatlcla'ini is: I v

'1 A tile'g lon'gitudinalIductsdn'said tile, a tbpcovering sa-i'd duct's', sides" outwardly enclosing said ductsg; upwardl extendin longitudinal" ridges" projectin abo ve sai mp md' drches in saidlridgesl 21' A tile,"longitudinal ductsin said' tile, a top coveringsaid ducts o-"sldels" outwardly enclosing saidl' du cts, upwardly eiitnding longitudinalridgesin nne ar alineinent with said sides projecting above said top, and notchsin sttidrides'. y y

. 3.- A tile; lol igitudinal' diiots s a'idtile, a' top A covering said ducts; 1 sides: outward y enclosing saiddiicts; marmis'verse ribs 'p'rojec'ting above's aid top. I

4. A tile", longitiidinal' ducts in said tile, a top coverings'aid' ducts', side's outwardly enclosing" said ducts," upwardly extending t p; and transverse" ribs projecting above s aid top. I Y

5. A tile, longitudinal: ductsin'said tile, a top covering saidnuets; sides outwardly enclosing said ducts, upwardly" extending longitudinal ridgesin linear aliriement with said: slides:piioj e'ctii 1'g above said top; and transverse ribs projecting above said top. GQ AQ tii,f1ongitudiria1 diiiilis dn sai' l'tile,

attopf ddverisg saidfldiic't's, sides" outwardly enclosing s a duets; pp eirai extending longitudinal ridges projecting above sai 1 i hefs I in said ridges, and" transverse ribs projecting above- S'aia'top;

.7. A we; ibsgaadiaar ducts n: said an,

a to "c ve'ring said" duets; s ias' outwardly enclosing s aid ducts, upwardly intending longitudinal ridgesin linear alinefiient' w'ith 'Saia' sides pro ecting" nqave said" top," notches in said ridges, and transverse ribs proj 'e'ctingiabcve saidtop. v

8I A tile, 10 gitiidin'al' dncts in'saidtile, a top c'ovring' said ducts, sides outwardly enclosing .s'aid' ducts,- upwardly extending longitildinal ridges projecting above said top, transverse ribs proj ecftingabove "said top, and notches in lsaid" edges positioned betwen'adja'centtransvrsejrilis'l v 9. ile, 1 i g1 damn uets in" said ei, a" topfcovering d ducts; sides outwardly e fi lQSlIig' said upwardly-extending longitudinal n lineal" alin'em'en'twith said side's projecting shave said tap; transverse ribs'projecting above said top, and notches in said ridges positioned between adjacent transverse ribs.

l0, A tile, longitudinalducts in said tile, a top covering said ducts, sides outwardly enclosing said ducts, upwardly extending longitudinal ridges projecting above said top, transverse ribs projecting above said top and a depression enclosed by said ridges and said ribs.

11; A tile, longitudinal ducts in said tile, a' top covering said ducts, sides outwardly enclosing said ducts, upwardly extending longitudinal ridges projecting above said system" of sub-surface tiles; the

transverse" ribs: projecting-{above saidtop,

and a tile'having'a no -eoiitinaous periphery coniposed of rectilinear faces angularly disposed with interior angle between'adjacent faces greater than a right ang1e,-s1 1- V peri'n'iposed above and resting upon said transverse ribs. I

145. a system of sub-surface" tiles, the combination of a supporting tile having longitudinal dIictstliere'inQa top covering said ducts, transverse ribs pr'oj 'e'c'ting above s'aidtopi, and a supported'tile'havinga noncontinufous periphery, the un-encloseii porti'on' o-f saidsupported tile being in juxtapbsitien to said suppo ting tile; said supported tile resting upon said t'r'ansve'rsefribs.

15$ In asy'stein of sub-surface" tile'sgthe combination of a supporting'tile'; longitudinal ducts in said tile, a top covering said ducts, s ides" outwardly enclosin said ducts,

apwardl extending lbn itudinal idges.

projecting" above said top, transverse'ribs proje ting above said-tom notches in's'aid ridges 'po's'itione'd between adjacent ribsand a supported tile having a; nan-continuous periphery said su orted tile" being super iinposed uponand sup-ported said ribs.

16. In a system of subsurface tilts, the

combination of" a supporting tile, longitudinai' ducts" in aid tile; a tap coverin said ducts, sides outwardly enclosing said ducts, upwardly extending longitudinal" ridgesin linear? alineinent' with" said sides projecting above said top; transver e; ribs projecting above saidto'p', notches in" said ridges positinnedbetween'adjac'iit ribs, and su pelte'd tile having maddminuoas periphery,

said supported tile being superimposed upon and supported by said ribs.

17. In a system of sub-surface tiles, the combination of a supporting tile, longitudinal ducts in said tile, a top covering said ducts, sides outwardly enclosing said ducts, upwardly extending longitudinal ridges projecting above said top, transverse ribs projecting above said top, notches in said ridges, positioned between adjacent ribs, and a supported tile having a non-continuous periphery, said supported tile being su perimposed upon and supported by said ribs, the un-enclosed portion of said tile being in juxtaposition with said ribs.

18. In a system of sub-surface tiles, the combination of a supporting tile, longitudinal ducts in said tile, 9. top covering. said ducts, sides outwardly enclosing said duets, upwardly extending longitudinal ridges in linear alinement with said sides projecting above said top, transverse .ribs projecting above said top, notches in said ridges positioned between adjacent ribs, and a supported tile having a non-continuous periphery, said supported tile being superimposed upon and supported by said ribs, the un-enclosed portion of said tile being in juxtaposition with said ribs.

Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this twenty-first day of September A. D. 1920.

I HERBERT M. KNIGHT. 

